SHOT TYPE AND IMAGE SIZE - WHEN TO USE
Picture taken by Anna Geyer
(Anna speaking in presentation)
Here is
a rendition I made of a human figure with all the different shot
types
without you know they're not the proper
aspect ratio
1) But we can see that an extreme close up is just the eyes - in this case -
the eyes and the nose.
2)he closeup is the shoulders up
3)The medium closeup is somewhere between the waist so it's the folded arms up
4)The medium shot this waist up.
5)The medium long shot is the knees up and
6) the long, in this case it's a Full shot, and a long shot is the entire
figure.
7) there is one more shot that has become popular to talk about these days
which is called the Cowboy Shot if the
person were wearing a holster it would be the shot where it's between a medium
long shot and a M shot and as if the figure was ready to
draw their pistol and you know it's a western
Shot Type and Subject Size – Basic Shot Types
The distance of the camera from*** the subject or the size of a figure in the frame**** = perceived CAMERA PROXEMICS.
The subject may be perceived as near to, or far from, the camera due to:
a)Actual distance
b)Lens used – we will discuss this in chapter 6
Now on to chapter 6 for a second
because shots themselves are divided and described in regards to shot
types
so we're going to have a little bit
of introduction to this because it does pertain chapter one is
already talked about close-ups and about camera angles so we're going
to start to get into it and then chapter 6 is so dense that we'll leave
the lighting and the camera angles for that chapter
**Shot
types it can be described as the size of the subject in the frame**
really simplistically when we describe what we talked about
***** 1 subject matter usually the human figure within the frame and
what is perceived is that the camera itself as physically closer or farther
away from the subject whether that's true or not ****
*****there are two things that can actually determine shot types*****
1)Whether you physically move your camera closer to the subject matter
or
2)What lens you're using
So
there's six basic shot types
Shot
Type and Image Size – Basic Shot Types
The distance of the camera from the subject or the size of a figure in the
frame=
CAMERA PROXEMICS – MOST IMPORTANT CONCEPT ABOUT SHOT TYPES – THE SIZE OF THE
HUMAN IN FRAME****
1)Extreme
Long Shot (ELS)
2)Long Shot (LS)
3)Medium long shot (MLS)
4)Medium shot (MS)
5)Medium close-up shot (MCU)
6)Close-up (CU)
7)Extreme close-up (ECU)
****THE
CAMERA ACTS AS THE EYES OF THE AUDIENCE MEMBERS***
So there's six basic shot types
our book has a few extras so will look at them all so there's the
extreme long shot and each one has a purpose within a film in a filmmaker actually
chooses which shot type to use based on the emotional content and the
dramatic content of a scene and how the filmmaker wants that scene to be
understood by the audience because the camera is access – the eyes of audience
members.
Shots:
the extreme long shot, the long shot, the medium long shot, the medium shot,
medium close up, the close up, and the extreme close up.
So what we can see is there
Three basic shots
The close up
The
medium shot and
The long shot
and then there's variations between and past ANY OF THOSE.
EXTREME LONG SHOT - The King's Speech - Monahan text 6th ed.
Extreme
Long Shot (ELS)
1)Taken
from a great distance
2)Almost always an exterior shot
3)Sometimes serves as reference for the following closer shots, which are
called establishing shots.
4)Gives context – shows a locale is important
5)Epic dramas, westerns and war films.
Notes:
(In
this picture we ask, hey what is the subject matter? What’s happening here? And
you don’t even necessarily recognize that there is a human figure up in the
cherry picker up here because the bus down there caught on fire the night
before and took out the telephone lines and cable lines. So, he is up there
fixing our communications.
But we don’t know how important this shot is to the entire story because it is
an extreme long shot.)
1)ELS taken from a great distance.
2)Most ELS are taken outside because in the studio or in a confined space it’s
hard to
get away from many, many things.
3)So
an extreme long shot gives you context as to the location you know where you
are hopefully or an idea this urban
setting.
4) extreme long shots can
be favored by some genres over others so for instance in martial arts film or a
war film where you have lots of characters interacting with each other you
probably have more extreme longshots. westerns as well.
1)Approximates
the distance between the audience and the stage in a theatrical performance
2)Difficult to define in absolute terms
a) Includes the character(s) and enough of the surrounding set to interpret all
of important action
at a given moment in the film
b)Establishes the character(s) in their environment
This is a long shot this
is Gordon the cat up he was young and a little chunkier back then but
basically
1) you see the character is in their
environment.
2)the character you see enough
of the surrounding to kind of know where they are
3)it places the character where they
are and establishes the environmental pulse.
............
HARD
QUIZ:
Question 2
1 /
1 pts
A long shot (LS) is often used at the beginning of a scene as an
establishing shot, why?
This is
a short answer question. Please use complete sentences and explain you answer
or give an example.
Your
Answer:
The long shot in the
beginning of the film introduces us to the scene where we are starting.
In Juno we saw a long shot of her and a chair and it said this is where it all
started.
REAL ANSWER
A long
shot helps establish where the scene is taking place, who is involved and what
they are doing. The full bodies of the characters can be seen often with enough
physical detail to allow us to recognize them. pg. 205
b)Establishes
the character(s) in their environment
TEACHER NOTE: Ida, give a little bit more detail, please. Yes, it introduces to the scene but what is important about that introduction - we see the character(s) in their environment.
................
1)Can be thought of as the closest range of the long shot
2)Includes the entire body from the top of the head to the bottom of the feet,
just barely, within the frame.
Notes:
the Full Shot:
which is also a kind of longshot but it's basically full body from head to
toe so it's a little bit closer than a long shot but it is the entire body
and you see all of that in the frame.
1)Can be thought of as the closest range of the long shot.
2)Includes the entire body from the top of the head to the bottom of the feet,
just barely, within the frame.
MEDIUM LONG SHOT - The King's Speech - Monahan text 6th ed.
Medium
Long Shot (MLS)
1)Falls between a long shot and a medium shot approx. knees or calves up.
The Medium long shot
At here on the left is the long shot so
the medium long shot is basically from the knees or caps up
it's not the entire body of it's a little bit closer
you can see a little bit more of the characters expression
but you know you're not really that close
A medium shot is kind of the workhorse
of the film industry
1)what we tend to see is two people so a two shot a
medium two shot or mediums three shot which may or
may not be over
the shoulder as various characters are actually speaking with
each other
3)so it's used in dialogue scenes
4)it may show action that the great
thing about
A
Medium Shot is that if you have a medium shot and something passes in
front of the camera it looks like it's moving quickly because it moves across
the frame really quickly
so if you're if you have car chases or people chases or whatever
medium center shots are quite
handy in that respect
It is from the waist up
see his waist up
Medium
Shot or Medium two shot:
1)From the waist up
2)A very useful shot
3)May show action
4)Used for dialogue scenes
5)Some variations include: the two-shot, the three-shot and the over-the
shoulder shot
MEDIUM CLOSE-UP - The King's Speech - Monahan text 6th ed.
Medium Close-up (MCU)
1)Falls between a medium shot and
a close-up approximately mid-wait up.
We
have a medium shot to reference we have the medium close up so the difference
is the medium shot is from the waist up
and the medium close-up is somewhere between the waist and the neck and the
shoulders basically
so it's closer than a medium shot but it's further away than a close up.
Mid-waist they like to say or midriff shot
The
Close-up
1)Shows the entire face-from the shoulders up
2)Is utilized for emotional impact because the audience sees what the character
feels.
3)Is a very intimate shot type
4)Helps create a connection between the audience and the character.
So
the close-up is shoulders up
and the close-up is really important for emotional impact if you really want to
know what your characters are feeling then you use close up
Several students noted in our live discussion this afternoon that both
The Last Black Man in San Francisco and The Middle of Nowhere
used number a large number of close-ups so think about why is that?
and How did it help you connect with the characters?
The Extreme Close up
1)A variation of the close-up
2)Shows an eye, an ear, a raised eyebrow, etc.
3)Concentrates on a very small object or portion of an object
4)Highlights something of extreme importance that would be lost in a wider
shot.
OK
so this is an extreme closeup and I admit I cut the previous shot to make this
and I zoomed in so we can see the pixels here.
an extreme close up is --- if a close up is the shoulders up --- and extreme
close-up is anything closer
than that.
so here's an actual extreme close up and we see her little nose and her eyes.
But that’s all we see.
It could be her eye and
I could be raised eyebrow it could be an object that has
dramatic importance that we want the audience to see and understand. (She's talking about a close up picture of her cat)
EXTREME CLOSE UP SECOND EXAMPLE - The King's Speech - Monahan text 6th ed.
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